Python 提供了多种发送电子邮件的方式,一些常见的方法及其代码汇总:
smtplib 模块smtplib 是 Python 内置的一个模块,用于发送邮件。下面是一个使用 smtplib 发送简单文本邮件的示例:
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart def send_email_smtp(): sender_email = "your_email@example.com" receiver_email = "receiver_email@example.com" password = "your_password" # 创建邮件对象 message = MIMEMultipart() message["From"] = sender_email message["To"] = receiver_email message["Subject"] = "Test Email from smtplib" # 邮件正文 body = "This is a test email sent from Python using smtplib." message.attach(MIMEText(body, "plain")) try: # 连接到 SMTP 服务器 server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.example.com", 587) server.starttls() # 启用安全传输 server.login(sender_email, password) # 发送邮件 server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, message.as_string()) print("Email sent successfully!") except Exception as e: print(f"Error: { e}") finally: server.quit() send_email_smtp() yagmail 库yagmail 是一个简化的第三方库,用于发送电子邮件。它封装了 smtplib,使发送邮件更加容易。
首先,安装 yagmail 库:
pip install yagmail 然后,使用以下代码发送邮件:
import yagmail def send_email_yagmail(): sender_email = "your_email@example.com" password = "your_password" receiver_email = "receiver_email@example.com" yag = yagmail.SMTP(user=sender_email, password=password) subject = "Test Email from yagmail" contents = "This is a test email sent from Python using yagmail." try: yag.send(to=receiver_email, subject=subject, contents=contents) print("Email sent successfully!") except Exception as e: print(f"Error: { e}") send_email_yagmail() email 模块和 smtplibemail 模块提供了一个用于构建复杂邮件内容的接口,可以结合 smtplib 发送邮件。
import smtplib from email.message import EmailMessage def send_email_email_module(): sender_email = "your_email@example.com" receiver_email = "receiver_email@example.com" password = "your_password" # 创建邮件对象 message = EmailMessage() message.set_content("This is a test email sent from Python using email module and smtplib.") message["Subject"] = "Test Email" message["From"] = sender_email message["To"] = receiver_email try: # 连接到 SMTP 服务器 server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.example.com", 587) server.starttls() # 启用安全传输 server.login(sender_email, password) # 发送邮件 server.send_message(message) print("Email sent successfully!") except Exception as e: print(f"Error: { e}") finally: server.quit() send_email_email_module() flask-mail 库(适用于 Flask 应用)flask-mail 是一个 Flask 扩展,用于在 Flask 应用中发送电子邮件。
首先,安装 flask-mail:
pip install Flask-Mail 然后,使用以下代码在 Flask 应用中发送邮件:
from flask import Flask from flask_mail import Mail, Message app = Flask(__name__) app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.example.com' app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 587 app.config
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